![]() The third factor was a trade route from Novgorod to the Volga river.Īccording to Baumer Öz Beg Khan took a fateful decision when he abandoned the former policy of divide and rule by making the new grand prince responsible for collecting and passing on all the tribute and taxes from all the Russian cities. ![]() The relative safety of the Moscow region resulted in the second factor of the rise of Moscow – an influx of working and tax-paying people who were tired of constant raids and who actively relocated to Moscow from other Russian regions. Compared to its neighbors, Ryazan principality and Tver principality, Moscow was less often devastated. The first one was that the Moscow principality was situated in the middle of other Russian principalities thus, it was protected from any invasions from the East and from the West. In 1328 Ivan Kalita received the approval of khan Muhammad Ozbeg to become the Grand Duke of Vladimir with the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands.Īccording to the Russian historian Kluchevsky, the rise of Moscow under Ivan I Kalita was determined by three factors. All of them were murdered in the Golden Horde. The main rivals of the princes of Moscow in this struggle were the princes of Tver – Mikhail, Dmitry the Terrible Eyes, and Alexander II, all of whom obtained the title of Grand Duke of Vladimir and were deprived of it. Ivan participated in the struggle to get the title of Grand Duke of Vladimir which could be obtained with the approval of a khan of the Golden Horde. Ivan was the son of the Prince of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich.Īfter the death of his elder brother Yury, Ivan inherited the Principality of Moscow.
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